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The Tale of The Tapes
Why did the CIA choose to videotape its interrogations of the first Al Qaeda detainees?
The short answer provided by The New York Times piece this weekend, based on "interviews with two dozen current and former officials," proves misleading. And there are a host of competing theories to sort through. But in the end, it´s really not so complicated.
The story's straightforward headline, "Tapes by C.I.A. Lived and Died to Save Image," is based on the idea that the videotaping was "prompted in part by worry about how [the agency´s interrogation methods] might be perceived — by Congress, by prosecutors, by the American public and by Muslims worldwide," as the Times puts it. According to this theory, the CIA was trying to cover its ass by showing that it was keeping to authorized techniques. That same fear was behind the drive to destroy the tapes.
But the bulk of the reporting of the piece tends towards a very different interpretation. There were plenty of reasons to want to videotape the interrogations, and one simple reason to want them destroyed. Buzzy Krongard (yep, that Buzzy) -- one of the very few CIA officials who spoke to the Times on the record -- puts it best:
“You couldn’t have more than one or two analysts in the room,” said A. B. Krongard, the C.I.A.’s No. 3 official at the time the interrogations were taped. “You want people with spectacular language skills to watch the tapes. You want your top Al Qaeda experts to watch the tapes. You want psychologists to watch the tapes. You want interrogators in training to watch the tapes.”Given such advantages, why was the taping stopped by the end of 2002, less than a year after it started?
“By that time,” Mr. Krongard said, “paranoia was setting in.”
Sounds pretty simple to me.













Question for TPM reporters: The US is not the only court with jurisdiction over war crimes(Torture) Nor do international courts have time limitations. (witness Spanish and British courts going after Pinochet) So what are the legal ramifications for Bush, Cheney, Rice, Rumsfield and assorted co-conspiritors like Pelosi. If US courts fail to indict can we wake up one morning in 2009 or 2019 and find out that there is a warrant of extradition out from someplace like Norway?I seem to recall Rumsfield was recently hustled out of France just ahead of a French court indictment. This is probably the most unreported aspect of the terror-gate scandal.
December 31, 2007 11:26 AM | Reply | Permalink
IANAL, but I suspect we're unlikely to see any real legal action taken overseas against US administration officials. Some foreign national courts do claim to exercise universal jurisdiction for war crimes, but national courts in general tend to practice doctrines of restraint similar to the "political question" doctrine in US law, which discourage / forbid taking action which would interfere with official foreign policy considerations. The French prosecution you mention was actually launched largely at the instigation of the NY-based Center for Constitutional Rights, and was dismissed under such a doctrine of restraint; the court held that Rumsfeld is immune from prosecution because of his status as a 'former defense minister'.
As far as true international courts go, Congress passed a bill called the "Servicepersons Protection Act" after it ratified the Statute of the International Criminal Court. That Act includes a "Hague invasion clause" which provides for immediate military action against The Hague for the "protection" of American personnel in the event that a prosecution is attempted - so the ICC itself is unlikely to take action.
December 31, 2007 11:50 AM | Reply | Permalink
Unfortunately, apparently heads of state have immunity ????????????
(unless you are the LOSER of history, like Hitler, Tojo, etc.)
Rumsfield got a pass on the charges...
***********Fri Nov 23, 2007 12:27pm EST
PARIS (Reuters) - The Paris prosecutors' office has dismissed a suit against Donald Rumsfeld accusing the former U.S. defense secretary of torture, human rights groups who brought the case said on Friday.
The plaintiffs, who included the French-based International Federation of Human Rights Leagues (FIDH) and the U.S. Center for Constitutional Rights (CCR), said Rumsfeld had authorized interrogation techniques that led to rights abuses.
The FIDH said it had received a letter from the prosecutors' office ruling that Rumsfeld benefited from a "customary" immunity from prosecution granted to heads of state and government and foreign ministers, even after they left office.
It said in a statement it was "astonished at such a mistaken argument" and said customary immunity from prosecution did not exist under international law.
The suit was filed in October during a visit to France by Rumsfeld...
December 31, 2007 11:55 AM | Reply | Permalink
Nat Schlesinger killed his brother Jack, he stole all his money and then burned the place down
December 31, 2007 2:51 PM | Reply | Permalink
I think we need to rephrase the question.
They probably stopped videotaping in 2002 because videotape is bulky and so last century.Try finding a new vcr these days.You may as well ask for the super 8 films along with the 8 track audio.They don't have it. They said they stopped "videotaping" stuff in 2002. They are most likely telling the truth
I bet they made digital format copies of every video and audio tape that they destroyed and now they are on hard drives, portable hard drives and dvds etc. When you ask for the "tapes" they tell you that they don't exist, we destroyed them. Again, this could be true.
We should ask:
When did interrogation personnel in charge of recording the interrogations start to phase out the use of videotape and begin to use primarily a digital format for recording and preserving video? 2002 maybe ?
What formats are now used for recording, preserving, duplication and distribution of recent and current interrogations?
Were any of the videotapes that were destroyed transfered to a digital format for preservation and\or duplication purposes before being destroyed? Were the digital format copies also destroyed?
Were any other analog or digital interrogation tapes, whether they be video or audio, transfered to a digital format for storage and\or duplication purposes?
December 31, 2007 5:02 PM | Reply | Permalink
so let's see if I got this straight
the CIA recorded the interrogations on videotape so they could later prove that their interrogation techniques were legal
then the CIA destroyed the tapes because the tapes showed that the interrogation techniques were torture ???
does anybody else see the disconnect there ???
you did something to prove that "A" was true. What you did ended up proving that "A" was false. So you destroyed the evidence of what you did
do the words "COMPOUND FELONIES" ring a bell ???
December 31, 2007 5:32 PM | Reply | Permalink
Who says the taping has stopped?
What "new name" could they use to claim "the taping stopped," but the recordings -- in whatever format, through whatever means -- continues?
Surely, if there were only "limited" people with access to the interrogation -- thus, relying on the tapes -- in 2002, there's been no change.
How else does one explain the President's fascination with videotaping his "search" for WMD? This President is at war not just with an enemy, but with the notion of the rule of law. He must have evidence of his victory, despite the prospect of his defeat before that law.
There are other tapes. The taping continues. They call it by another name.
December 31, 2007 6:27 PM | Reply | Permalink
Indeed, if there were tapes "_before_" the paranoia set in, then under which standards were those tapes made, recorded, stored, and destroyed?
The evidence of the tapes may not exist; but there are subsequent e-mails -- made after the _decision_ to destroy the tapes, or "post-deliberative" -- which are discoverable.
December 31, 2007 6:28 PM | Reply | Permalink
You're missing one other reason for the tapes. The personal gratification of the sadist in the White House.
December 31, 2007 7:40 PM | Reply | Permalink
Open in inquiry into the WH _e-mail discussions_ of those tapes.
The tapes may be gone; but the WH-OVP-DoJ-CIA-DoD needs to share the e-mails: They're _post-decicion/post-deliberative and can be subpoenaed/not shielded.
December 31, 2007 8:10 PM | Reply | Permalink
There is no statute of limitations on being a victim of torture. I'd say Busholini and Co are in for a long hard night--at least I hope that is true.
Keep up the good work, TPM! You did your part to cover the Italian forgeries...but no one has actually paid much attention in the United States...for reasons that may also be illegal. Hopefully in the next election, we'll get a more thorough housecleaning of the House and get down with some real trials and successful prosecutions of the proto-fascists.
December 31, 2007 10:53 PM | Reply | Permalink
For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places
http://www.chris-floyd.com/Articles/Articles/System_of_a_Down%3A_Powers%2C_Principalities_and_the_Sacred_Right_to_Torture/
Blow them AWAY Chris!!
The latest revelations on the tortured lies that provided the pretext for the "Iraq-Al Queda" myth, and subsequent illegal warcrime invasion have me incoherent. These lying FIENDS still maintain they get "intelligence" via torture, or "torture lite", and NOBODY in the babbling fuckwitosphere ever ever mentions the obvious: that these "interrogations" are not attempts to find out anything, rather, they are meant to force the victim to recite the PREDETERMINED SCRIPT, written by Pentagon murderers, thus providing the "proof" required for today's round of atrocities.
And instead of oversight, or Constitutionality, or even common human morality, we get what we deserve: a charade, a farce, a circle-jerk of superficial crap, from the hirelings in the so-called Congress, deaf to the screams, indifferent to the ocean of blood.
This is the end......
Never stop holding up the mirror. It's all they have now.
January 1, 2008 5:27 AM | Reply | Permalink
It would seem odd if the CIA DIDN'T videotape EVERY interrogation, especially "high value" captives interviewed in a foreign country and foreign language.
Transcripts miss a lot of nuance, as do translations of transcripts. Audio tapes are good, but having a video to refer to is likely invaluable. It's also likely useful in training, refining technique, and determining the veracity of statements made by the person being interrogated and/or tortured.
January 1, 2008 6:24 AM | Reply | Permalink
Mr.Juicey @5:02pm makes an excellent point - all this talk about "tapes", about "videotapes" being destroyed - but storing video images on *tape* is hardly the standard anymore. What about the videos themselves: do they still exist in *any* format, e.g. digital files on a hard drive?
I'd be curious to see what is stored on Cheney's iPod, myself.
January 1, 2008 11:01 AM | Reply | Permalink
If the CIA thought the tapes were so operationally vital, then by destroying them they also betrayed the basic reason for the CIA's very existence, to gather intelligence. So, not only did they deliberately destroy evidence to be used in criminal prosecutions, they also committed treason by betraying their own agency. They destroyed evidence and intelligence. Quite a bunch we got over there at the CIA.
January 1, 2008 11:51 AM | Reply | Permalink
Evidently, one way the tapes were not used was to review the torture and figure out when the guy being tortured was mentally unbalanced and had little real information and was just spouting whatever he thought would make the torture stop. It's too bad this wasn't how the tapes were used. Would have saved a lot of running around at shopping malls and other places that were not in danger at any time. Oh well.
January 1, 2008 4:38 PM | Reply | Permalink
"Videotape" (vcr tape) is being phased out and becoming obsolete.
"Videotaping" is still used as a verb to describe capturing of video and audio, whether it is on actually tape or in a digital non tape format(dvd).
Copies are now usually made in a digital format(dvds,hard drives ,etc.).
In 2002 , let's assume, you stopped using "videotape" to record video and audio because you have upgraded to digital formats,and then you destroy videotapes because they take up a lot of space and you have made digital format copies.
Now you can keep telling media, congressmen and judges with a straight face that you have stopped "videotaping" interrogations and "videotapes" don't exist of past and recent interrogations.
I would like somebody to ask if there are any videos and/or audio recordings of interrogations, copies or master recordings, that exist in any analog or digital format that have not been disclosed .
When you use the terms "videotape" or "videotaping" you are giving them an easy out.
January 1, 2008 6:40 PM | Reply | Permalink
The "BIG NEWS" that yet will come out from the CIA's pushback - as it tries to not be left holding the bag for criminal wrong doing - ( ie Negroponte , Otto Riech , /and the death squads during the Contra Wars in the 1980's )is that this torture "tape" controversy can and will lead to the OVP office - including Cheney himself - and could very well lead to criminal charges after the 2008 elelction cycle-including obstruction of justice, -among other felonies.
And I so far-- too still hold out hope that Cheney will be impeached, if not convicted for violation of the Geneva Conventions . (Assuming that Madam Speaker really isn't deserving of her new name - leader of the Vichy Democrats in Congress ..).
Revenge is a dish best served cold .
January 2, 2008 5:01 AM | Reply | Permalink
Who is in charge of the CIA?
Who runs it?
It isn't Congress.
You don't have to be a blind conservative not to see it, just an ignorant one to deny it.
January 2, 2008 2:16 PM | Reply | Permalink
It's inconceivable that all interrogations aren't videotaped. Meaningless hesitations, eye movements, body movements could become extremely meaningful later -- as addition information is gathered from other sources.
It's beyond belief that any bureaucracy would not keep the most detailed records possible. That would be like telling a fish not to swim.
As for criminal prosecutions, why would the Bush regime intentionally and repeatedly violate domestic and international laws and the Constitution if they thought they would eventually be criminally prosecuted. They're not that stupid.
They're not afraid of criminal prosecution.
The real question is why aren't they afraid of criminal prosecution.
January 2, 2008 2:24 PM | Reply | Permalink
MW: "The real question is why aren't they afraid of criminal prosecution."
Not a credible assertion: If they "weren't afraid" of prosecution, they would never have destroyed the tapes.
January 2, 2008 2:39 PM | Reply | Permalink
I don't think it's too cynical to say that the reason they were taped is the same reason the Nazis made meticulous written and photographic records of their crimes -- to show their superiors that they were doing their jobs.
Why were they destroyed? To avoid, if possible, criminal prosecution.
Does anyone think, for ex, that the Nazis would not have destroyed all the records of their crimes if they had the time and the means to do so?
People who murder and torture are careerists and they get ahead by pleasing their bosses and keeping those bosses out of trouble.
January 2, 2008 3:42 PM | Reply | Permalink
I don't think it's too cynical to say that the reason they were taped is the same reason the Nazis made meticulous written and photographic records of their crimes -- to show their superiors that they were doing their jobs.
Why were they destroyed? To avoid, if possible, criminal prosecution.
Does anyone think, for ex, that the Nazis would not have destroyed all the records of their crimes if they had the time and the means to do so?
People who murder and torture are careerists and they get ahead by pleasing their bosses and keeping those bosses out of trouble.
January 2, 2008 3:42 PM | Reply | Permalink
I don't think it's too cynical to say that the reason they were taped is the same reason the Nazis made meticulous written and photographic records of their crimes -- to show their superiors that they were doing their jobs.
Why were they destroyed? To avoid, if possible, criminal prosecution.
Does anyone think, for ex, that the Nazis would not have destroyed all the records of their crimes if they had the time and the means to do so?
People who murder and torture are careerists and they get ahead by pleasing their bosses and keeping those bosses out of trouble.
January 2, 2008 3:42 PM | Reply | Permalink
"the CIA recorded the interrogations on videotape so they could later prove that their interrogation techniques were legal
then the CIA destroyed the tapes because the tapes showed that the interrogation techniques were torture ???
does anybody else see the disconnect there ???"
1) The CIA was covering their ass because they knew it was toture but was ordered by higher ups. i.e. Cheney
2) They were destroyed because Cheney is afraid of being tried for war crimes and being anally raped by Ratko Mladić (when he is caught and they share a cell).
January 2, 2008 3:47 PM | Reply | Permalink
Not a credible assertion: If they "weren't afraid" of prosecution, they would never have destroyed the tapes.
1. You/we don't know what was destroyed.
2. You/we don't know their motive.
3. You/we only have the public testimony of a secretive organization administered by a secretive regime.
4. I don't believe anything they say.
For instance, why destroy only two "tapes". (As Mr. Juicy points out, we don't know what was recorded or what was actually destroyed and what is actually being kept.)
How can anyone tell the difference between legitimate information and disinformation, self-serving spin, lies, propaganda and the whole gamut of claims made by anonymous spokesmen?
How credible is the CIA or the Bush junta?
January 2, 2008 8:25 PM | Reply | Permalink
Some CIA CYA ?
Perhaps, because the CIA interregators knew that what they were being ordered to do was very illegal,and they didn't want to do it, they first recorded the actual conference calls with Dick and George personally giving the orders to waterboard,etc... and then proceeded to fill the rest of the tape with the dirty deeds.
If that was the case, then they would still keep copies for the CIA CYA and then tell Dick and George " Sure,of course, we destroyed everything you ordered us to,don't worry 'bout it."
There has to be copies,lots of them, and this administration is way too incompetent to find and destroy all of them .
January 2, 2008 10:23 PM | Reply | Permalink
Mr Juicy wrote 2 january 10:23 PM-
"There has to be copies of them ,and this admnistration is way too incompetent to find & destroy all of them "
From your lips to God's ears Mr.Juicy . Even that venerable old infighter Cheney could not make such hard evidence disappear-.
And Anonymous - two questions -first if such CIA CYA "tapes "did exist and were given to Congress- which laws would Congress have broken by not taking up impeachment proceedings against those who ordered the torture , second - would such 'tapes' be considered hard evidence to bring indictments at the ICC against whomever ordred the torture?
January 3, 2008 5:17 AM | Reply | Permalink